Appendix A Message Displays

Appendix B SCSI Internal Connector Pin Assignments

Appendix C SCSI External Connector Pin Assignments

Section One - Introduction

DOCUMENT SCOPE

This manual provides the information required to install the AHA-1520 and the AHA-1522 Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) Host Adapters in AT bus-based systems. This document is for use with the production version of the board and not with earlier prototype versions. The production version is identified by the presence of the AIC-6260AL chip and has right angle shrouded internal connectors at the top of the board.

General Product Information

Adaptec's new AHA-1520 and AHA-1522 SCSI host adapters break the price performance barrier with multitasking AT-to-SCSI I/O performance. With dramatically faster data transfer and I/O management than standard AT systems, the AHA-152X will enhance I/O performance of AT microcomputers significantly. The AHA-1522 is an AHA-1520 with a dual AT floppy disk controller on board.

Not only does the AHA-152X enhance performance, it adds versatility. Up to 56 devices can be connected using this SCSI interface, which supports up to 8 simultaneous I/O tasks, while only using 1 AT slot. Compatibility is assured by full support of the ANSI SCSI Common Command Set and SCSI-2.

Adaptec's AHA-152X family excels in single user environments (i.e., stand alone or network node) by utilizing the CPU's untapped power to improve I/O performance of the overall system. Since the CPU in single user environments is rarely fully utilized, the AHA-152X performs impressively within this sort of setting. With its multi-tasking I/O capabilities, the AHA-152X is a cost effective solution in certain shared system situations.

In addition, the AHA-152X manages SCSI devices to maximize their throughput. With the Disconnect/Reconnect feature, the AHA-152X can delegate simultaneous I/O commands.

AHA-152X customers gain access into Adaptec's ASPI (Advanced SCSI Programing Interface) family of software. This family is made up of device modules that interact with tape, disk, CD-ROM, WORM, DAT, and NODEM_ devices, and operating system managers (i.e. DOS, OS/2, Unix/Xenix, and Novell). The device modules communicate with the operating system managers through a common specification platform known as ASPI.

The key benefit to our customers is that the modularity of ASPI allows one to add future functionality without replacing the entire software driver. Adaptec is expanding the ASPI family and providing the ASPI specification to third party developers.

Product Features and Benefits

• HIGH Data Transfer Rates
  • 5 MBytes/sec synchronous burst on the SCSI bus.
  • 3 MBytes/sec data rate on the AT bus (highest speed allowable in the PIO environment).
  • 2 MBytes/sec asynchronous SCSI data rate
• High Price/Performance Value.
• PIO with optional second-party DMA offers configuration options.
• Using the host processor, SCSI overhead is minimal in single-tasking environments.
• 16- or 8-bit host bus data transfer widths.
• Disconnect/reconnect feature allows the host to perform other I/O tasks, while disconnected device is busy.

Software Support

ASW-1210 ASPI DOS manager is available. This permits optimal operation in the most popular single-tasking operating system environment. Compatible with Advanced SCSI features available on Adaptec's ASPI (Advanced SCSI Programming Interface). Modular software driver structure leads to an expanding library of off-the-shelf device modules. Pass-through interface available to third-party developers.

Multitasking

AHA-152X supports up to eight simultaneous I/O tasks.

Compatibility

On-board BIOS supports boot capability, and up to two hard disk drives under DOS without a software driver. Software drivers for all major operating systems (DOS, OS/2, Unix, Xenix, Netware) offer expandability beyond two disk drives. Tested with more than two dozen AT's from major PC manufacturers and more than 35 SCSI devices. Supports Common Command Set and all SCSI-2 required features. Flexible floppy controller option supports all standard AT floppy types. Efficient design (XT 1/2 card size) fits easily into both AT desktops, as well as many slots in laptops.

Connectivity

Supports all SCSI addresses and LUN's up to 56 devices or up to 7 devices with embedded SCSI. User can add existing or future devices without using additional slots on the motherboard. Supports both synchronous and asynchronous devices: disk, Tape, CDROM, WORM, DAT, and other SCSI peripherals.

The Best Value in Host Adapters!

Five-year limited lifetime warranty demonstrates product confidence and lowers the cost of ownership. Surface mount technology ensures dependability while affording economical manufacturing. Highly integrated design improves reliability. Less than 0.7% return rate on like products reflects Adaptec's manufacturing expertise and commitment to quality. Most SCSI experience from silicon-to-software: Adaptec has developed numerous SCSI host adapters for proprietary and industry-standard hosts.

Product Specifications

Physical Dimensions:

• Length: 5.50" Width: 4.40" Height: 0.5"

Power Requirements:

• 5.25V to 4.75V tolerance on the AT power supply.
• 1 Amp maximum.

Environmental Requirements:

• Temperature 0-55 degrees C (operating or storage) (32-131 degrees F)

Reference Documents

• IBM Technical Reference Personal Computer AT #6280070
• IBM Personal System/2 and Personal Computer BIOS Interface Technical Reference #68x2260
• Adaptec AIC-6260 Functional Specification
• Adaptec AHA-1520/1522 Technical Reference Manual
• Adaptec MS-DOS Driver Functional Specification
• Adaptec ASPI Interface Specification

Section Two - Hardware Installation

UNPACKING AND INSPECTION!

The carrier is responsible for damage incurred during shipment. In case of damage, have the carrier note the damage on both the delivery receipt and the freight bill, then notify your freight company representative so that the necessary insurance claims can be initiated.

After opening the shipping container, use the packing slip, "READ ME FIRST," to verify receipt of the individual items listed on the slip. Retain the shipping container and packing material for possible later reuse.

NOTE: The AHA-1520/1522, like all electronic equipment is static sensitive. Please take the proper precautions when handling the board. You should avoid static build up if possible. You should ground yourself by touching a metal table or your computer frame. Keep the board in its conductive wrapping until it is configured and ready to be installed in your system.

Board Installation in an AT System

The following section details the installation procedure for the Adaptec AHA-1520 and AHA-1522 host adapters. The installation of the board consists of checking the various on-board jumpers, inserting the board into a full-length AT compatible slot connector, and connecting a SCSI cable from the on-board connector to a SCSI device. A medium-sized flat blade screwdriver will be needed after the board has been prepared, to physically install it into the AT-slot.

General Information

Standard AT architecture supports up to two hard disk drives under DOS. The BIOS identifies these disks as hard drives 0 and 1. If each drive has one DOS partition on it, drives 0 and 1 would correspond to drives C: and D: respectively. If drive 0 has two DOS partitions, one partition would be accessed as drive C:, and the other as drive D: under most versions of DOS. The Adaptec ASW-1210, ASPI (Advanced SCSI Programing Interface) AHA-152X DOS driver, will avoid this limitation, allowing the AHA-152X to access up to 56 physical or logical devices. The AHA-152X BIOS also fully supports the extended partitioning capabilities of DOS 3.3 and 4.0. Drives A: and B: are reserved for Flexible Diskette drives in the DOS environment. The notation "standard hard disk" identifies the disks that can be set up to "Installed" or "Not Installed" status by the SETUP program that is supplied with your AT class computer. The SETUP program allows the user to select the number of standard hard disks that are recognized by the system regardless of whether or not they are physically installed. SCSI disks can only be accessed by the host adapter's BIOS if the number of standard hard disks is equal to either 0 or 1. If the system recognizes two standard hard disks, the AHA-152X DOS driver, ASW-1210, will be needed to access additional SCSI hard disk drives or other devices under DOS.

System Booting from a SCSI hard disk drive under DOS can only be achieved if the standard hard disk is mapped out through your AT computer vendor's SETUP program. The system determines the number of hard disks at power up. The only SCSI disk drives that the host adapter BIOS will recognize are (Target:LUN {logical unit number}) 0:0, and 1:0. The host adapter will assign the SCSI drives found at these addresses to hard disk 0 and/or hard disk 1 depending on the number of standard drives recognized by the system.

The boot target will be from 0 not 1, which is the industry convention (C:).

The SCSI target address is selected by setting a jumper or a dip switch on the drive. The drive SCSI address must be set to 0 to be recognized by the host adapter BIOS if only one SCSI drive is used. If two SCSI drives are to be installed under the host adapter BIOS, the SCSI address should be 0 and 1. Refer to your drive manual for SCSI address selection.

Factory Default Settings

The Adaptec AHA-152X AT-to-SCSI Host Adapter has been designed to operate as shipped, in the majority of AT class computers. The 1520 is shipped with the following factory default settings:

"Quick Installation" System Defaults

• STEP 1 LOCATE PIN 1 ON THE SCSI CABLE YOU ARE GOING TO USE.

  When attaching the SCSI Bus to the host adapter and the peripherals, make sure that pin 1 orientation is maintained throughout the bus.

  Internal Cables: Pin 1 is denoted on most 50 pin gray ribbon cables by a red stripe. Multi-color 50- pin ribbon cables signify pin 1 with a brown color. Pin one is located at the top of the 50-pin header on the host adapter. Check your peripherals manual for correct pin 1 orientation.

  External Cables: The external connector on the AHA-152X is a D shell connector that ensures correct pin 1 orientation on the host adapter. Again, check your peripherals manual for correct pin 1 orientation on the drive.

• STEP 2 CONNECT ONE END OF THE CABLE TO THE INTERNAL SCSI 50-PIN CONNECTOR.

  Line up pin 1 on the cable to pin 1 of the Internal SCSI Connector which is located on top of the AHA-152X. Pin 1 of the Internal SCSI Connector is the pin on the Internal SCSI Connector that is closest to the Floppy Disk Connector.

  Firmly, but in a straight forward fashion, as to avoid bending the end pins of the Internal SCSI Connector, put the cable end on to this connector, lining up the pin 1 association.

  If using an external device, attach this cable to the External SCSI Connector, then use the bail clips to hold it snugly in place. Cable connection is shown in Figure 2. Normally both connectors would be attached only if both external and internal devices are being connected.

• STEP 3 INSTALL AHA-152X INTO THE AT BUS ON THE MOTHER BOARD TURN OFF POWER TO SYSTEM AND EXTERNAL EQUIPMENT.

  Adaptec recommends that you unplug your system from the A/C outlet.

  Remove the cover of your AT personal computer that exposes the AT bus slots, typically the top cover if the system were sitting flat on its base on a table. With most AT personal computers, a flat blade medium-sized screwdriver can remove the screws at the rear of the system cabinet.

  Locate an unused AT expansion slot in your AT system. Be careful: some AT systems have both AT and XT style slots on their motherboards. AT type slots can be recognized by that fact that they have 2 physical edge connectors, one 62 pin and the other 36 pin, in line with one another.

  Remove the corresponding system expansion slot cover by turning the screw that secures it from the top counterclockwise.

  Align the AT I/O Bus Connector on the bottom of the AHA-152X to the open AT slot with the slot cover removed. Ensure the external connector passes cleanly through the cutout in the rear wall, as shown in Figure 4. Firmly plug the AHA-152X into this AT slot. Use the screw from the corresponding expansion slot cover to secure the AHA-152X's bracket to your AT system frame. Be sure that the internal cable is not interfering with another circuit card in a nearby slot.

• STEP 4 ATTACH FREE END OF CABLE TO SCSI DEVICE

  If tangled, untangle the cable so that it will lie freely within the AT system when the cover is replaced.

  Install the disk or other SCSI device as specified in the manufacturer's directions. Make sure the pin 1 orientation is maintained.

  Replace the system cover to prevent personal injury.

Powering Up the System!

First, plug the system into your A/C outlet. Next, turn the power switch to the on position. Now the initialization routine performs all of the necessary initialization functions and will display the following message if the system successfully recognizes the AHA-152X BIOS:

• ADAPTEC AHA-1520 BIOS!
• VERSION 1.1!
• COPYRIGHT 1990 ADAPTEC, INC.!
• ALL RIGHTS RESERVED!

In addition, the number of and type of SCSI devices are displayed along with the ID numbers of any SCSI disk that are successfully recognized by the BIOS. Devices will appear in on the screen in the formats described in Appendix A.

If the system reports an initial number of hard drives greater than 2, the following message is displayed:

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ERROR.

The AHA-152X BIOS allows the use of 0, 1, or 2 hard disks on the SCSI bus under DOS without a device driver.

If 2 hard disks are attached to an internal hard disk controller, and are already recognized by the system, the BIOS passes control back to the standard hard disk controller. A device driver will be needed to access SCSI devices.

If 1 hard disk is attached to an internal hard disk controller, and is already recognized by the system, the BIOS attempts to assign the SCSI device (Target : LUN) 0 : 0 as the second drive. (drive D:) If this is unsuccessful, an initialization error is reported to the system. ("SCSI DEVICE 0:0 NOT FOUND")

If there are 0 hard disks attached to an internal controller, the BIOS attempts to assign the first SCSI device (Target : LUN) 0:0 as hard disk 0.(drive C:) If this is unsuccessful an initialization error is reported to the system. If successful, the BIOS attempts to assign another SCSI device as the hard disk 1. (drive D:) Device 0 : 1 is tried first, and if that fails, device 1 : 0 is tried. There is no initialization error reported if a second drive is not available.

IF YOU CONTINUE TO HAVE DIFFICULTIES, OR WISH TO ! CHANGE TECHNICAL ATTRIBUTES, CHECK BOARD CONFIGURATION ! AGAINST THE DESCRIPTION IN THE NEXT SECTION.!

Section Three - Board Configuration

This section is for users to customize the AHA-152X with other than the default factory settings. This is done by means of jumpers located on the component side of the board. Many of these selections are duplicated in the selections available in the ASPI software managers for the board (see Chapter 4 below). In the case of a setting being made in the ASPI manager conflicting with the selection made by jumper on the board, the manager will override the jumper setting. See Figure 1 for the location of the jumper blocks on the board.

Jumper blocks J5, J6, J8 and J9 are selectable by the user on both the AHA-1520 and AHA-1522. Jumper block J7 is available only on the AHA-1522.

XX = Factory setting (jumper installed on pin pair)(factory default)
OO = Pin pair with NO jumper installed from the factory

To locate Jumpers, refer to the diagram of the AHA-152X shown in Figure 1.

Data Jumper Block J5

The jumper positions and descriptions are listed below:

These messages are enabled in sets, depending on the configuration of the pin pair 3 and 4 jumpers.

Refer to Appendix A for details of the messages.

Jumper Block J6 The jumper positions and descriptions are listed below

Pin Pairs 6,7 DMA Channel - These bits indicate which DMA channel has been selected on this board. Channel 0 is a 8 bit channel. Channels 5, 6, and 7 are higher performance 16 bit channels. The values are listed below. (Currently, only channel 0, 8-bit transfers are supported.)